Flying Leopard, Said Russia Is China's First Completely Self-Made Fighter Planes Developed

Titlu: Flying Leopard, Said Russia Is China's First Completely Self-Made Fighter Planes Developed
Sursa: http://defense-technologynews.blogspot.com/2011/09/dtn-news-china-defense-news-flying.html
Autor: DTN News - - This article compiled by Roger Smith from reliable sources F-paper.com
Data: 04.09.2011

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Flying Leopard, Said Russia Is China's First Completely Self-Made Fighter Planes Developed

According to the Russian military news network reported on 1 September, the Russian defense industrial complex Quarterly <<21 century arsenal>> said that if the Q-5 attack aircraft as China's first completely self-produced aircraft type somewhat reluctantly, then JH -7 'Flying Leopard' fighter-bomber is fully and unconditionally as domestic aircraft, because in addition to the individual power plant and avionics, the JH -7 actually completely independent from the Chinese aviation industry R & D and manufacturing.

Russian Journal said, compared with the J-10 multi-role fighter, JH -7 undoubtedly more Chinese-made aircraft, unlike the J-10 prototype, as both foreign, and foreign assistance in the design, but also assemble imported engine (http://www.f-paper.com/). and Q-5, as the reality of military conflict as JH -7 development of direct air attack systems in dynamic .1974 January 19, Chinese troops landed in the Paracel Islands, crushed the newspaper that the resistance, completely recovered by the Vietnamese occupation of islands, when Vietnam has been defeated dejected can only sit back and watch the United States, not to interfere, although the successful conclusion of the battle to regain Paracel Islands, but the Chinese military can not ignore their own in combat exposed some problems. For example, although the Chinese Air Force and the Navy in the disputed area near the airport to deploy 115 aircraft, but only in combat operations off the 401 vehicles, and aircraft can not fly directly away from the coast of China (Hainan Island) is only 230 km above the theater, when China Air Force attack planes and F-6 Q-5 fighter's combat radius failed to reach this remote air requirements, H -5 bombers battle with greater losses for fear of being made difficult because of the tactical and technical performance of H -5 relatively low, and has been old by the newspaper that the F-5E fighter threat.'s difficult to use Chinese air force also targeted by modern navigation systems, communication and command systems, radio reconnaissance and electronic warfare equipment, inadequate, or even completely caused by lack of results in the Chinese Navy was forced to land troops without air support operations under the conditions of the Chinese navy's first aircraft until the enemy surrendered several hours after the fly over the Paracel Islands.

Battle of the Sea in summary, the Chinese navy and air force soon make recommendations to the Department of Defense, as soon as possible to first replace H -5 develop new extended-range bombers, attack aircraft in fact used to replace the Q-5, H -5 future fighter-bomber aircraft conceptual research began as early as 1973, but its R & D Sea war provides additional strong impetus of China Ministry of Defense that, when the country's aviation industry and the economic situation does not allow simultaneous implementation of two separate but very close to the air attack platform development project, it was decided in two highly integrated within the framework of the program developed for the Air Force and Navy fighter .1976 GM in June China's aviation industry and military representatives in Beijing to discuss the development of new types of various the feasibility of generic fighter armed services, at which agreed that the Chinese navy and air force need not be all-weather attack aircraft, supersonic flight technology with higher performance, but also to ensure that enemy air defense weapons against ground and sea conditions than High battlefield survivability, tactical and operational depth in action within the Chinese navy representatives insisted on twin-seat configuration, follow the example of a model is the first flight in Europe 1974 'Tornado' fighter-bomber prototype in weapon configuration, both of conventional weapons destruction, but also do not have the Q-5 was guided weapons, should also be able to carry tactical nuclear munitions.

Chinese military in 1976 proposed a new extended-range supersonic attack aircraft research and development of specific requirements, one of which is the first alternative to Air Force and Navy bombers equipped H -5 Shenyang, Nanchang and Xian Aircraft Manufacturing Company has made the design team then their own programs. SAC JH -8 pioneered the program is essentially J-8II fighter-interceptor version of the attack, to ensure uniformity and versatility, dramatically reducing air fighter and attack platforms cost of production, with initial support from the Department of Defense and the support of National Defense, but the J-8II was developed has not been completed, the prototype until June 12, 1984 was a smooth flight(News News http://www.f-paper.com/). In addition, the success was developed for a variety of requirements while meeting the unity of operational platform, there are many doubts, so the military model of common interest soon began to subside, the focus of SAC to the J-8II then concentrated on project.

Russia Journal that the Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company's strong -6 program is clearly the future of the JH-7 major competitors, it is the history of aircraft development in the Chinese military has played an important role in the initial plan to become a Soviet-made MiG-strong -6 -23BN JH modern Chinese version of the machine when the number of Chinese have been MiG-23BN, and from Egypt imported a batch of MiG-23S front-line fighter after the work is responsible for the development of the Q-5 was named Lu Xiaopeng strong -6 aircraft designer, in his face shape under the leadership of new aircraft in 1979, work was completed in February, in fact, MiG-23BN and MiG-23S synthetics, drawing in particular on the tank with airborne radar MiG - 23S machine first part of the full use of China's Soviet Union was familiar with and understand the technology and design methods in order to develop economically and efficiently meet the requirements of the new fighter-bombers, but the development of staff soon discovered, the Chinese Air Force and Navy aircraft requires not only new should be equipped with MiG-23BN laser range finder, but also to ensure that the aircraft on the ground, surface, all-weather attack capabilities and air target capacity of multi-terrain avoidance radar, and this requirement is not a simple imitation MiG-23S using RP-22 airborne radar way to get to meet a result was made a very bold decision, creative imitation from the Vietnam War the United States get on the F-111A aircraft, radar systems, including a set AN / APQ -113 surveying scanning radar and terrain avoidance radar sets AN/APQ-110, be converted to strong -6 aircraft, but China could not do the generic industry was technically the most modern and most complex radio-electronic system task, and lack of necessary advanced component-based, forced to re-use tubes, resulting in airborne radar equipment to further increase the size and weight. In addition, three sets of parabolic antenna radar U.S. is far greater than the overall size of the Soviet Union RP-22 radar, which requires strong -6 body size must be increased, forced to adjust the overall layout of the results initially similar to the usual and the MiG-23 into the inlet side and F-16 the same belly inlet, aircraft size and weight significantly increased, reaching a 'whirlwind' level fighter-bombers eventually either aircraft or airborne radio electronic equipment are substantial increases in weight and size, can not effectively controlled within reasonable limits, resulting in the gradual loss of the PLA leadership for strong -6 interest in the project.

To be fair, strong -6 project was the most trying of other advanced technological achievements, such as fly-by systems, inertial navigation systems, variable sweep wing system in the fly-by systems, Lu Xiaopeng intense work leading designers efforts to research, with a 9-year period (1980-1988), later a number of other similar equipment in China is still used on aircraft, AN/AJQ-20 basic inertial navigation system similar to the fate of Chinese experts to remove it from the F- 111A transplanted to strong -6, its Chinese version of the product until 90 years He was in a strong -6 stop the project being developed in the variable-sweep wing system, the weight of Chinese products to use Russian-made systems Bi Mige -23 increased by 12% due to the weight of the same the other direction increased significantly, leading to reduced load combat aircraft, combat radius is reduced, the initial plan to install a maximum thrust of 9.3 tons of WS-6 engine can not guarantee that the design of aircraft to achieve the desired performance. to to save the passive situation, in 1983 started to develop WS-6G improved engine, the maximum thrust should be increased to 14 tonnes thrust-weight ratio of 7, and plans to assemble a new fighter-interceptor on the F -13 due to constantly encounter various new problems, improved operational efficiency should more than 2-fold increase in the Q-5 Strong -6 project in 1989 was forced to stop. before strong -6 created three prototype aircraft for the first static test, the second avionics equipment for aircraft ground tests, the third variable-geometry wing aircraft for flight test, but in the end failed to launch even though the project ultimately failed to satisfactorily strong -6 achieve, but its R & D extensive experience accumulated in the course and technology was more successful in other projects has been widely used.

Russian Journal said China Xi'an Aircraft Company and other companies after 603 where a new type of supersonic attack aircraft research and development in the early years after the study, the 1983 design of appropriate low-use, relatively heavy, limited mobility of two- made two-seater fighter-bombers, originally code-named H-7, later changed to JH -7. The original two-seat layout of the parallel program and Su-24 F-111 and similar, later to be substantially modified, they are now the two-seat tandem layout, with Britain and France, 'Jaguar', the Japanese F-1 or Yugoslavia, Romanian IAR-93 fighter-bombers are more similar to the view of the 1970s, Romania and China's special political relations between the two countries do not rule out military aircraft manufacturer in the field of direct expand the possibility of scientific and technological exchanges, JH -7 and IAR-93 cockpit layout is very close to the proof should be noted that the mid-1970s XAC already have their own production and improve the experience of H-6 bombers, which undoubtedly will be the F H -7 applied research and development of fighter-bombers addition, China has developed JH -7 Shihai the first to use computer-aided design software, went to the world.

JH -7 fighter-bombers used against enemy targets in close protection of precision strike, both with free-fall bombs, guided missiles can be used according to the original design, the most typical of JH -7 combat flight should be low altitude and low altitude completed by the pilots and crew members of navigation control components, including targeting systems, including navigation avionics JH -7 should ensure that both use air to air missile defensive air combat, but also small targets on the ground and sea attack, but also to ensure that low-flying aircraft and terrain avoidance capability.

JH -7 using a swept-wing double standard high aerodynamic layout, the use of all moving horizontal tail, single vertical tail, belly deflectors. HTY-4 ejection seat made of superior performance, to ensure the flight crew in a highly 0-20000 m, 0-1000 km per hour under the conditions of escape. integrated canopy to ensure a good line of sight, the instrument system to reach the fourth-generation level. JH -7 using two sets of WS-9 afterburning turbofan engine is based on China licensed production of British technology, the prototype for the Rolls-Royce for the F-4K / M fighter development of the 'bay' Mk202 engine, which is the first time since World War II fighter western China power plant, not the Soviet Union the engine. China early in the new fighter-bomber program selected in 1975 before the British had signed a new engine purchase and license production agreement in 1976 imported 50 Mk202 finished, and began preparing to produce Chinese version of the product WS-9. JH -7 The 232H utility using pulse Doppler radar to fully draw on the U.S. F-4E aircraft to use the AN / APQ 120 radar technology and technical solutions, the performance is quite advanced, both effective against air targets, but also respond to ground targets. for MiG-21 fighter class air target detection range of 70-75 km maximum, the large surface targets of 160-175 km.

Russian Journal said in August 1988, JH -7 first prototype debuted in Xi'an, No. 081, when the successful first flight on December 14, the first time on November 17 the following year to reach supersonic speed. China has created a 5 JH -7 series of test samples of machine, number 081-085, which one (probably No. 082) in 1994 due to engine failure and crashed in the early .90 imports from Russia has decided to front-line fighters and Su-27 Su - 30MKK multi-role fighters, the Chinese leadership interest in the JH-7 has been reduced. After all, the Su-30MKK payload of up to 8 tons, the use of modern fire control system, attacks on ground targets can replace JH - 7, only in the long low-flying comfort slightly inferior to the Chinese aircraft, its wings slightly smaller load. In addition, the Su-30MKK can be used efficiently in order to win air superiority fighter, interceptor can also be used as a patrol, which JH -7 is not available, but JH -7 project did not stop, but continue to develop, in the production of the five demonstrator, the pre-production batch of 20 JH-7, delivered to the Chinese Navy, which the first few aircraft factory in 1994, each five arms hanging points. then began producing the first batch of 35 production-type JH-7, and equipment to the East China Sea Fleet division 16 6 HNA Group (Shanghai).

Proved, JH -7 become a very successful sea attack aircraft, it fielded no doubt greatly enhance China's naval air force's combat strength. Mass-produced JH -7 wingspan of 12.71 m, 22.32 m long, 6.58 high m, empty weight 14.5 tons maximum takeoff weight of 28.5 tons, the largest combat load 6.5 tons, maximum speed of Mach 1.7, service ceiling 15,600 m, low-altitude combat radius of 900 kilometers altitude combat radius of 1650 km, carrying a maximum range of 3650 km when the fuel tank, twice the maximum range of 6650 km after refueling. Arms plug-in point from 5 to 7, which under the wings and 6, the fuselage 1, the maximum range of offensive weapons including 40-50 km 'YJ -81' ( C-801K) subsonic anti-ship missiles (performance close to the French 'Exocet'), 1500 kg-class free-fall bombs, rockets, no control. self-defense weapons, including two 'Charlie -5' air to air missiles, a 23 mm 23-III-type double-barreled cannon (GSH-23L cannon with Russia similar).

It should be noted that imports from Russia multifunctional fighter Su -30MKK/MK2 fire control system technology with China in the development and production of missile systems are not compatible with the Chinese side never even Chinese missiles to Russia to provide the information, the result F H -7 to become more similar aircraft can only carry domestic economy larger effective carrier aviation destruction weapons, which may also indirectly contributed to JH -7 further development of the project, despite its overall combat effectiveness, including the attack side, slightly behind China in December 2000, the Air Force began fielding the Su-30MKK. Therefore, the introduction of Su-30MKK from Russia, while China is not only trying to independently produce a similar aircraft, but also continue to improve JH -7 fighter-bombers .

Russian Journal said, as the first batch of 38 aircraft added that the Chinese Air Force in about 2002, he received the second batch of 38 Su-30MKK multi-role fighters. Priority on the introduction of the Air Force Su-30MKK the same time, the previous equipment H - 5 Naval Air Force bombers also were large quantities of JH -7 dress from the point of view of specific performance, JH -7 and the U.S. F-4II 'Phantom' roughly two-seat fighter, slightly better in some aspects, such as maximum take-off weight, maximum speed at low altitude in the fielding of the first production model JH-7 (1) fighter-bomber, the Chinese Navy began fielding the second batch production type JH-7 (2), the first is the East China Sea Fleet naval 6 division 17 regiment (Yiwu). these new aircraft to start using China's own production of improved WS-9 engines, replace imported from Britain 50 Spey Mk202. In contrast, although the thrust performance is basically the same, but improved WS -9 significantly improved performance, reliability has improved significantly, while maintaining and Spey Mk202 in the use of full compatibility JH -7 after shutdown, start producing more advanced variant JH-7A products by 083 No. JH -7 verify conversions first prototype aircraft JH-7A is the first public appearance in November 1998 Zhuhai Airshow, then continue to improve on-board systems and equipment on July 1 .2002 two new JH-7A aircraft test aircraft first flew successfully in 2004 when at the end of the Chinese Air Force and Navy began fielding a new JH-7A.

JH -7 only if the late 1960s with the United States developed F-4M, F-4E compared, then the JH-7A is entirely possible, and 80-90 years the U.S. 'ghost' the latest improved version of the French 'Mirage 2000 'or the Japanese F-4EJKai compared. JH-7A-made fly-by-use system is clearly in strong -6 developed within the framework of the project made, JL-10A new airborne radar, GPS receivers, equipped with multi-function display The cockpit instrument panel, as well as airborne radio electronic equipment, have been modernized, where JL-10A pulse doppler radar can draw topographic maps, effectively found that low-altitude targets, similar to the MiG-21 fighter air target search range 80 km, 40 km from the track lock that can simultaneously track four targets in the air. In addition to ensuring high-precision laser-guided aircraft weapons, but also have the ability to avoid terrain. It is reported that, compared with the JH -7, J H-7A performance significantly improved its maximum payload to 900 tons, mounted a significant increase in the type of guided weapons in addition to 'YJ -81' anti-ship missiles, but also to use the Russian KH-31P or domestic 'Eagle -91' domestic KP-88 (C-701) High Speed Anti-Radiation Missile, KH-31A supersonic anti-ship missiles, KH-29L, KH-29T air-surface guided missiles (allegedly purchased about 2002, China 2000 Russian Air Force fleet of KH-29L / T missiles), Russian KAB-500 and made 500 kg class LT-2 air-guided bombs, there may be able to effectively attack large maritime targets of Russian KAB-500L, KAB-1500L- PR, KAB-1500L-F bombs. In addition, for the JH-7A and the use of H-6 'YJ -83' (C-803K) anti-ship missiles was completed in November 2002, the maximum range test.

Russia Journal that the Chinese naval air three groups have been or are being equipped with JH-7A fighter-bombers, 50 were in the North Sea Fleet naval division 14 regiment, the South China Sea Fleet division 27 9 HNA Group, the North Sea Fleet naval division 20 7 .2005 Chinese regiment Air Force began fielding JH-7A, the main division of Jinan Military Region 5 Air Force 14 groups, 11 divisions of Shenyang Military Region, 31 Air Force groups, the Nanjing Military Region, Division 82 Air Force 28 group, each group with a 18-20 JH or JH-7A -7. domestically improved JH-7A fighter-bombers of modern fitted out in China's policy priority to the purchase Su-30 had an impact. 2003 Russia signed a purchase contract, the Navy in August 2004, China first began to receive 24 Su-30MK2 multi-role fighters, Su-30MKK than the more advanced avionics, anti-ship weapons and equipment is also stronger when the Chinese navy is still negotiating purchase another group seems to use the new (AESA) radar Su -30MK2 aircraft, but the JH-7A with the smooth production and fielding, and China's F-11B and F-11BS development achievements, the Chinese leadership continues to import Russian-made fighter enthusiasm began to cool, but Recent progress in the F-11B project setback could prompt China to reconsider its new family of Sukhoi multi-role fighters imported.

Russian Journal said, to meet its military needs, while China has also successfully developed the 'Flying Leopard' export model FBC-1, and actively to the international market. The Chinese side stressed, FBC-1's avionics equipment according to customer's specific be flexibly configured, you can choose Chinese or the production of the corresponding systems in other countries from 2001 Moscow air show debut of FBC-1 large-size model shows that this aircraft can be mounted KH-31AE supersonic anti-ship missiles, and short-range air to air missile was reportedly has a number of countries, including Iran, have shown interest for the FBC-1, but have had no news of large-scale procurement.

Also reported that XAC is currently developing a new generation attack aircraft JH-7B. The aircraft appears to be JH-7 overall improved product, is actually a new aircraft from the 2008 Zhuhai Airshow introduction of new aircraft video point of view, the new J H-7B and JH -7 as the use of serial double cockpit layout, widely used in the fuselage structure stealth technology, including low radiation inlet and radar absorbing coating In addition will also use the new avionics. J H-7B may also install a new generation of WS-10A engine made its biggest thrust of up to 12-13 tons, with roughly the AL-31F is currently being further improved and the engine production preparation stage, if the successful completion of the project can be expected that WS-10A engine assembly JH-7B is expected to be fitted out in 2015, but for now, J H-7B engine using more improved WS-9 is realistic.

Russian Journal said, and Q-5 attack aircraft, F-H -7 fighter-bombers and there is no actual combat experience, but in recent years, JH -7 series aircraft began to actively participate within the framework of SCO joint military exercises, complete with Russian-made aviation equipment operational coordination skills in the Russian 'Peace Mission 2007' joint exercise, the JH-7 in the Russian military air exercises training ground attack on an imaginary target subjects, but in the Sino-Russian 'Peace Mission 2009' joint exercise , July 19, 2009 the 28th division of the Chinese air force one JH-7A in Jilin crash, two pilots killed (Compiled: Shu-shan)

*Link for This article compiled by Roger Smith from reliable sources F-paper.com
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*This article is being posted from Toronto, Canada By DTN News ~ Defense-Technology News
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